Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa – representing about 40% of the world\u2019s population and almost a quarter of its output, think it\u2019s time for a change in how things are done.<\/p>\n
After a three-day summit in Johannesburg, the BRICS nations said they want a fairer, more representative global order in diplomacy and trade just as China, the biggest member, faces billions of dollars of extra US tariffs.<\/p>\n
They also seek reforms at the United Nations, the UN Security Council and the International Monetary Fund to better represent developing nations, and have asked that members of the World Trade Organization — including the US – abide by WTO rules as the multilateral trading system faces \u201cunprecedented challenges.\u201d<\/p>\n
“They\u2019re not only re-balancing the current global order, but contesting that order,” Lyal White, senior director of the Johannesburg Business School at the University of Johannesburg, said by phone Friday.<\/p>\n
“Each of these countries can\u2019t do that on their own, but together they\u2019re a force to be reckoned with. This is a decisive but progressive shift.”<\/p>\n
Driving the call for multilateralism in trade at the summit was Chinese President Xi Jinping, whose US counterpart Donald Trump escalated trade tensions by threatening to impose tariffs on every one of the Asian economy\u2019s exports.<\/p>\n
That could derail a global upswing that\u2019s already losing momentum amid weaker-than-expected economic growth in Europe and Japan as financial markets seem complacent to the mounting risks, the International Monetary Fund warned 16 July .<\/p>\n
The annual gathering of the coterie of emerging economic powers, first identified by former Goldman Sachs Asset Management Chairman Jim O\u2019Neill, is the 10th since its leaders started meeting and the first since the prospect of a full-blown global trade war became a real threat.<\/p>\n
EM Coalition<\/strong><\/p>\n “The BRICS summit has been extremely successful for China in terms of building a coalition of emerging markets that seek to defend the current multilateral trade regime,” Martyn Davies, managing director for emerging markets and Africa at Deloitte, said by phone.<\/p>\n “What we have seen is the development of an agenda for these countries, because there\u2019s never been an agenda before. We\u2019ve never seen BRICS talking about liberalized trade as a grouping or as a coalition, but now trade is front and foremost.”<\/p>\n Russia is pushing for better business ties between counterparts in the club, President Vladimir Putin said. All countries committed to strengthen their cooperation in energy and developing new technologies.<\/p>\n China pledged $14.7 billion in investment in South Africa, including loans to its state power utility and logistics company. The commitments are the biggest yet from the Asian nation to South Africa, whose electricity producer is cash-strapped as it cleans up governance issues.<\/p>\n “Are you going to say no to investment and loans that are sorely needed?” said White.<\/p>\n “China is going to become the most dominant economy in the world. These are the rules of the game globally – South Africa has to learn how to play.”<\/p>\n China benefited significantly from joining a multilateral, regulated liberalized regime when it became part of the WTO in 2001, Davies said.<\/p>\n “The major component of China\u2019s growth has been dependent on exports — of course it\u2019s going to defend that and to bring other countries along,” he said. “It\u2019s making the point by creating these coalitions in the BRICS directed against the belligerence and erratic nature of US trade policy.”<\/p>\n
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