{"id":618801,"date":"2022-08-22T14:48:01","date_gmt":"2022-08-22T12:48:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/?p=618801"},"modified":"2022-08-22T14:48:01","modified_gmt":"2022-08-22T12:48:01","slug":"electric-cars-have-a-big-tyre-problem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/motoring\/618801\/electric-cars-have-a-big-tyre-problem\/","title":{"rendered":"Electric cars have a big tyre problem"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The Lucid Air Dream Edition travels up to 520 miles (837 km) on a charge, more than any electric vehicle on the market by a wide margin. If a buyer chooses the larger, 21-inch wheels, however, 39 (63 km) of those miles vanish \u2014 a 7.5% range penalty.<\/p>\n<p>To be fair, the bigger shoes do look cool, and they\u2019ll still take you nonstop from New York to Cleveland. But when it comes to wheels and tyres \u2014 where the rubber literally meets the road on electric vehicle range \u2014 there\u2019s an escalating battle between physics and aesthetics.<\/p>\n<p>More often than not, the latter is winning, as the people who buy EVs (and the people who make them) choose bigger, stickier, \u201cspokier\u201d options that prize looks and performance over efficiency.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEverything is about range, so the slipperier you make it, that\u2019s great,\u201d says Richard Scheer, exterior design director at Chevrolet. \u201cBut even in the EV world, people will trade off range for cool wheels.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The physical recipe for an ultra-efficient tyre is pretty simple: skinny (so it blocks less air), small circumference (so it takes less energy to turn), a compound that doesn\u2019t stick overly much, and a hub cap that is mostly covered &#8211; to cut down on air turbulence inside the wheel.<\/p>\n<p>But auto executives and engineers must layer in a dizzyingly complex series of compromises when outfitting a car in reality. For every bit of size and\/or stickiness, the vehicle sacrifices mileage and efficiency.<\/p>\n<p>That\u2019s also true for gas-burning machines, but electric cars are typically far heavier than similar-sized internal-combustion cars, meaning their tyres have to withstand more pressure and wear. They are also far quieter, so tyre engineers agonize over noise \u2014 going so far as to pump acoustic foam into the rubber cavity.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYou get into a complicated balance,\u201d said David Van Emburg, executive vice president of automotive original equipment global sales at Michelin.<\/p>\n<p>In short, a tyre built for range looks a lot like the one that comes standard on the Chevrolet Bolt \u2014 a Michelin Energy Saver on a 17-inch wheel with a swirly center of spokes \u2014 and nothing like the massive, knobby tyres on the GMC Hummer EV that Scheer helped design.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThose are just cool wheels,\u201d he explains. \u201cWe\u2019re showing that when you get to EV, you can still have fun products.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The North Star for tyre efficiency is something called rolling resistance, which is exactly what it sounds like \u2014 a measure of how much the circle sticks to the ground (picture a bowling ball and a medicine ball racing across a gym floor).<\/p>\n<p>An increase in tyre size can actually lower resistance, as it spreads the weight of the car more widely and \u201csquishes\u201d less, but supersizing presents another, often greater problem: The increased mass requires more energy to get going.<\/p>\n<p>The BMW i4 M50, for example, a souped-up version of the marque\u2019s newest electric sedan, travels 271 miles on a full charge with its standard 19-inch performance tyres. On high-performance 20-inch wheels, however, it makes only 227 miles \u2014 a 16% handicap.<\/p>\n<p>Ford likewise concedes that its Mustang Mach-E would go slightly farther if it chose tyres that didn\u2019t corner as well, and its F-150 Lightning could stretch a few more miles on rubber less suited for off-road driving.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThose big tread patterns squabble \u2014 they move around \u2014 and don\u2019t return all the energy you give them,\u201d says Chris Allard, chief engineer of Ford\u2019s underbody systems engineering. \u201cYou\u2019re making a conscious trade-off there.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a  data-lightbox=\"post-image\" href=\"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Bloomberg-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-618819\" src=\"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Bloomberg-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"814\" height=\"546\" srcset=\"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Bloomberg-2.jpg 814w, https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Bloomberg-2-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Bloomberg-2-768x515.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 814px) 100vw, 814px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>For now at least, the no-compromise strategy is what car buyers want, particularly as the EV market transitions from early adopters to the mass market. Across Lucid\u2019s spectrum of models, customers generally opt for the bigger wheels, shortening their time between charges by up to 9%.<\/p>\n<p>Four out of five customers for Hyundai\u2019s hot new Ioniq 5 opt for the larger wheel. Similarly, 40% of folks sliding into Volkswagen\u2019s ID4 choose the 20-inch rims over the 19. At Polestar, only about one-third of buyers opt for the standard 19-inch wheel with a summer tyre; the rest check the box for a 20-inch wheel that sacrifices about 5% of the car\u2019s range.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s kind of a look,\u201d says Polestar engineer Glenn Parker. \u201cWe\u2019ve seen tyres get bigger and bigger and bigger over the years. &#8230;And as a performance brand you can\u2019t just say \u2018What\u2019s the most efficient tyre we can put on the car?\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Tyre longevity isn\u2019t entirely out of drivers\u2019 hands. Ford\u2019s Allard says it\u2019s important to pay attention to the tire monitoring gauge and keep tires filled to the right air pressure. \u201cIf you\u2019re a cheap guy like me, you keep that screen up,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p>But Big Tire is also hustling to make larger, stickier tyres stretch a little farther on the road. In the past 20 years, Michelin has managed to improve tyre efficiency by 20% without sacrificing stickiness and performance, according to Emburg.<\/p>\n<p>To get there, its engineers tinkered with tread patterns, the thickness and chemical composition of the rubber and the patterns of steel belts holding the whole package together. \u201cI\u2019ve been in the game 34 years and we\u2019re still looking at major steps in technology,\u201d he says. \u201cWe\u2019ll optimize every part of the tyre for its mission.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Car companies are iterating, too. At the moment, the hub of the Polestar 2 wheel looks a little bit like a four-leaf clover, but it has been reworked for next year\u2019s model. The new version has far less open space, with five triangles poking toward the center like pieces of aluminum pie. The result: an extra two or three miles of range, even on the 20-inch wheels.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Read: <a href=\"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/motoring\/616827\/audi-reveals-electric-vehicle-charging-stations-across-the-country-heres-where-you-can-find-them\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Audi reveals electric vehicle charging stations across the country \u2013 here\u2019s where you can find them<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Lucid Air Dream Edition travels up to 520 miles (837 km) on a charge, more than any electric vehicle on the market by a wide margin. If a buyer chooses the larger, 21-inch wheels, however, 39 (63 km) of those miles vanish \u2014 a 7.5% range penalty.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":59,"featured_media":618807,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11119],"tags":[10477,2042,26,17313],"class_list":["post-618801","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-motoring","tag-chevrolet","tag-ford","tag-headline","tag-lucid"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/618801","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/59"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=618801"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/618801\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":618821,"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/618801\/revisions\/618821"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/618807"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=618801"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=618801"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=618801"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}