The South African central bank\u2019s proactive efforts to contain price growth mean the country has a good chance of getting through the worst global inflation shock in a generation \u201cwithout particularly high inflation or high interest rates,\u201d deputy governor Fundi Tshazibana said.<\/p>\n
Policymakers began a pre-emptive hiking cycle in November and has since lifted the benchmark rate by 200 basis points to 5.5%, unwinding some of 2020\u2019s pandemic-era stimulus. Its stance has repeatedly drawn criticism from some politicians and labor unions who\u2019ve urged the central bank to do more to support cash-strapped South Africans and the domestic economy.<\/p>\n
The Reserve Bank has a constitutional mandate to maintain price stability in the interest of balanced and sustainable economic growth and it prefers to anchor inflation expectations close to the 4.5% midpoint of its target range.<\/p>\n
While the change in the headline consumer-price index breached the target ceiling for a third-straight month in July, economists including Annabel Bishop of Investec Bank Ltd predict the 7.8% outcome is likely to be the peak of the cycle.<\/p>\n
\u201cI hope you have all taken time to appreciate the fact that South Africa\u2019s inflation has been below the inflation rates of the United States, the United Kingdom and even Germany, in recent months,\u201d Tshazibana said in a copy of a speech posted on the central bank\u2019s website on Thursday.<\/p>\n
\u201cPerhaps more relevant, we have not seen target misses of the scale experienced by many of our peers, and unlike those countries, we have not had to raise rates well into restrictive territory.\u201d<\/p>\n
In reading accounts of what central bankers got wrong and that contributed to the ongoing surge in inflation, \u201cI realize that despite the criticisms — we at the SARB are sometimes attacked for not being adventurous — it is clear that when central banks do become adventurous, the consequences can be even more unpopular,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n
In retrospect, South Africa\u2019s central bank probably effected \u201cabout the right amount of stimulus in 2020, and we probably started withdrawing stimulus at about the right time in late 2021,\u201d Tshazibana said. While Russia\u2019s war with Ukraine was an unexpected shock, South Africa\u2019s inflation profile wasn\u2019t \u201ctoo problematic\u201d before then, she said.<\/p>\n
Despite last month\u2019s most aggressive hike in almost two decades, South Africa\u2019s real interest rate – the differential that makes local assets attractive to foreign investors — remains deeply negative.<\/p>\n
The question of how quickly the Reserve Bank needs to get to positive real rates, and ultimately a more neutral monetary policy stance, depends on the persistence of higher inflation, Tshazibana said.<\/p>\n
The implied policy rate path of the Reserve Bank\u2019s quarterly projection model, which the monetary policy committee uses as a guide, indicates a key rate of 5.61% by year-end and 6.78% at the end of 2024.<\/p>\n