{"id":73512,"date":"2014-11-16T00:05:26","date_gmt":"2014-11-15T22:05:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/?p=73512"},"modified":"2014-11-14T15:58:34","modified_gmt":"2014-11-14T13:58:34","slug":"tackling-the-twitter-abuse-crisis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/internet\/73512\/tackling-the-twitter-abuse-crisis\/","title":{"rendered":"Tackling the Twitter abuse &#8220;crisis&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The Women, Action and the Media (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.womenactionmedia.org\">WAM<\/a>) activist group announced on Friday a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.womenactionmedia.org\/2014\/11\/06\/harassment-of-women-on-twitter-were-on-it\/\">collaboration with Twitter<\/a> to address online harassment of women, which it claims has \u201creached crisis levels\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>The group, concerned by the vicious targeting of women online, started a pro-bono project to support users experiencing gendered harassment or abuse. Their website now hosts a <a href=\"https:\/\/womenactionmedia.wufoo.com\/forms\/wam-twitter-harassment-reporting-tool\/\">detailed reporting form<\/a> so they can validate and escalate claims of abuse to Twitter.<\/p>\n<p>So while this seems a positive step, historically Twitter hasn\u2019t addressed issues of harassment on its platform well at all. Will this new collaboration change anything?<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"my-4\">A growing issue<\/h2>\n<p>A quarter of 18- to 24-year-old women <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pewinternet.org\/2014\/10\/22\/online-harassment\/\">surveyed<\/a> by the Pew Research Center reported having been stalked or sexually harassed online, and a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.demos.co.uk\/publications\/misogyny\">similar report<\/a> from Demos found terms such as \u201crape\u201d, \u201cslut\u201d and \u201cwhore\u201d were often used in tweets to convey casually misogynistic sentiments, or to threaten and abuse other users.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.msnbc.com\/the-reid-report\/watch\/sexism-and-the-battle-of-the-gamers-341581379929\">High-profile stories<\/a> of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thesaturdaypaper.com.au\/news\/society\/2014\/11\/08\/web-abuse-grows-online-bullies-spread-malice\/14153652001222\">online misogyny<\/a> are often reported in <a href=\"http:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/lateline\/content\/2014\/s4121651.htm\">mainstream news<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>a Guardian journalist was <a href=\"http:\/\/www.buzzfeed.com\/robynwilder\/tampons-vs-twitter\">harassed<\/a> after asking Twitter users about tampons<\/li>\n<li>a Fox News panellist was <a href=\"http:\/\/thinkprogress.org\/justice\/2013\/03\/09\/1695891\/fox-news-guest-receives-racist-rape-and-death-threats-after-arguing-guns-arent-the-solution-to-rape\/\">threatened<\/a> after rejecting the notion that firearms were a solution to sexual violence<\/li>\n<li>a former DC Comics editor received a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.salon.com\/2014\/05\/16\/lets_see_how_feminist_you_are_when_youre_begging_for_more_the_violent_sexist_world_of_comic_website_comments\/\">deluge of abuse<\/a> after criticising a comic book cover that clumsily sexualised teenaged characters<\/li>\n<li>a feminist critic was <a href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/morning-mix\/wp\/2014\/08\/29\/gaming-vlogger-anita-sarkeesian-is-forced-from-home-after-receiving-harrowing-death-threats\/\">forced from her home<\/a> after criticising the depiction of women in video games<\/li>\n<li>a grieving daughter was <a href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/women\/womens-life\/11033495\/How-online-trolls-are-forcing-women-offline.html\">inundated<\/a> with faked photographs of her father mere hours after his death.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Countless other women deal with online threats and abuse <a href=\"http:\/\/www.alternet.org\/unbelievable-harassment-black-women-face-daily-twitter?page=0%2C0&amp;paging=off&amp;current_page=1#bookmark\">on a daily basis<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/qErS_O5m3rs\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>The reactions to these women were extreme and irrational. There is no justification for threatening <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2013\/7\/27\/4563246\/new-british-banknote-gives-rise-to-rape-threats-and-anti-twitter\">rape<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2013\/aug\/05\/twitter-bomb-threats-women\">murder<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2013\/9\/12\/4693710\/the-end-of-kindness-weev-and-the-cult-of-the-angry-young-man\">grievous harm<\/a>, or for the continued <a href=\"http:\/\/www.feministfrequency.com\/2012\/07\/image-based-harassment-and-visual-misogyny\/\">collaborative harassment<\/a> of women online and on social media.<\/p>\n<p>In many cases the threats are not only contrary to Twitter\u2019s rules <a href=\"https:\/\/support.twitter.com\/articles\/20169997\">against abusive behaviour<\/a>, but also <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/2014\/08\/22\/how-law-standing-cyberstalking-264251.html\">illegal<\/a> under <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/tackling-online-trolls-doesnt-need-a-bigger-stick-just-a-more-effective-one-33321\">conventional offline laws<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"my-4\">How does Twitter respond?<\/h2>\n<p>In response to bomb and rape threats against a number of women in the UK, Twitter was notoriously <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2013\/jul\/30\/police-death-threats-stella-creasy-twitter\">slow to respond<\/a>. Twitter\u2019s eventual solution was a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/blog\/2013\/aug\/30\/twitter-report-abuse-button\">button<\/a> for the Twitter app that allowed users to report abusive tweets to Twitter\u2019s moderation team.<\/p>\n<p>As with any technical solution to a social problem, the button (and Twitter\u2019s ensuing moderation process) <a href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/women\/womens-life\/10233715\/Twitter-trolls-The-report-abuse-button-has-already-hurt-some-good-guys.html\">is not without flaws<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Some of those were apparent during <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2014\/11\/4\/7153549\/gamergate-campaign-video-game-ethics-feminism-harassment\">recent episodes of harassment<\/a>, where users who tried to help victims by reporting harassing accounts claimed that Twitter refused to moderate tweets that were reported by people other than the victim.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/GlennF\/status\/520765399705473025\">Reflecting on this<\/a>, American technology journalist <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/GlennF\/status\/520765501094379520\">Glenn Fleishman<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/GlennF\/status\/520765602302930944\">observed<\/a>:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>If you see abuse on twitter, and you report it, twitter emails you to tell you they will ignore it because it didn\u2019t happen to you. In the real world, when you see abuse and report it, your observation\/testimony is part of the societal feedback loop for correction. Twitter\u2019s approach to abuse reporting is to minimise false reporting rather than solve abuse.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2 class=\"my-4\">Too-hard basket<\/h2>\n<p>It\u2019s possible that Twitter doesn\u2019t yet understand the extent of online abuse on its platform.<\/p>\n<p>Harassers can use anonymising tools to obscure their identity, they can use \u201cdisposable email\u201d services to set up <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/burner#Noun\">burner accounts<\/a> on social media to minimise consequences of being blocked.<\/p>\n<p>In some cases, they harass socially, loosely organising across multiple message-boards and social platforms to create what American law professor Danielle Keats Citron terms as \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/internet-and-golden-age-bully-271800\">cybermobs<\/a>\u201d. The behaviour of harassers can be complex, and some of the tools and tactics deployed are intentionally used to make their behaviour difficult to police.<\/p>\n<p>Of course, misogynistic behaviour does not exist in a vacuum. The abusive, harassing, threatening behaviour I\u2019ve highlighted is <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/technology\/archive\/2014\/10\/the-unsafety-net-how-social-media-turned-against-women\/381261\/?single_page=true\">not exclusive<\/a> to Twitter.<\/p>\n<p>Similarly, Twitter\u2019s indolence is compounded by law enforcement organisations that are <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wired.com\/2014\/10\/trolls-will-always-win\/\">often poorly resourced<\/a> to combat online issues, or that consider online abuse <a href=\"http:\/\/www.psmag.com\/navigation\/health-and-behavior\/women-arent-welcome-internet-72170\/\">too difficult<\/a> to police.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019d be cynical to dismiss Twitter\u2019s failings <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wired.com\/2014\/08\/jezebel-gawker-rape-gifs\/\">as indifference<\/a> towards the victims of harassment, threats and online bullying but sadly, the most visible advances Twitter\u2019s made towards combating online abuse are almost always made <a href=\"http:\/\/www.slate.com\/blogs\/xx_factor\/2014\/10\/10\/online_harassment_victims_of_revenge_porn_facebook_hate_speech_and_twitter.html\">in response<\/a> to popular outcry and media attention.<\/p>\n<p>The newly-announced collaboration with WAM is arguably their biggest advance yet, and it\u2019s only a short pilot project, organised by a non-profit organisation.<\/p>\n<p>To quote WAM executive director <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/technology\/archive\/2014\/11\/one-small-but-important-effort-to-make-twitter-safe-for-women\/382484\/?single_page=true\">Jaclyn Friedman<\/a>:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>I don\u2019t think we should have to do this work. I think it\u2019s a scandal that a tiny, under-resourced nonprofit with two staff members is having to do free labour for them.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>In an online space where conventional law enforcement is often unable or unwilling to participate, Twitter\u2019s intervention in abusive behaviour is critically important. So when will Twitter step up and take responsibility for the discourses it fosters online?<\/p>\n<p>For now, let\u2019s hope that their collaboration with WAM encourages them to do better.<\/p>\n<p class=\"fn\"><em>By<strong> Andrew Quodling,<\/strong> <span class=\"role\">PhD Candidate at Queensland University of Technology<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>This article was originally published on <a href=\"http:\/\/theconversation.com\">The Conversation<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Read the <a title=\"http:\/\/theconversation.com\/abuse-of-women-on-twitter-no-quick-fix-but-thats-no-excuse-33943\" href=\"http:\/\/theconversation.com\/abuse-of-women-on-twitter-no-quick-fix-but-thats-no-excuse-33943\" target=\"_blank\">original article<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"my-4\">More from The Conversation<\/h3>\n<p><strong><a title=\"Permalink to What commercial aircraft will look like in 2050\" href=\"http:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/general\/72772\/what-commercial-aircraft-will-look-like-in-2050\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">What commercial aircraft will look like in 2050<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a title=\"Permalink to Who owns the moon?\" href=\"http:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/general\/71163\/who-owns-the-moon\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Who owns the moon?<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Women, Action and the Media (WAM) activist group has announced a collaboration with Twitter to address online harassment of women, which it claims has \u201creached crisis levels\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":43268,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_sma_x_autopost_status":"idle","_sma_x_autopost_error":"","_sma_x_post_id":"","_sma_x_attempts":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9882],"tags":[2889,26,9160,9104,93],"class_list":["post-73512","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-internet","tag-abuse","tag-headline","tag-online-abuse","tag-the-conversation","tag-twitter"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73512","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=73512"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73512\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":73514,"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73512\/revisions\/73514"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/43268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=73512"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=73512"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=73512"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}