{"id":98799,"date":"2015-09-19T00:05:12","date_gmt":"2015-09-18T22:05:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/?p=98799"},"modified":"2015-09-18T18:05:29","modified_gmt":"2015-09-18T16:05:29","slug":"why-facebook-is-introducing-a-dislike-button","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/internet\/98799\/why-facebook-is-introducing-a-dislike-button\/","title":{"rendered":"Why Facebook is introducing a “dislike” button"},"content":{"rendered":"

Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg recently announced<\/a> that the company is finally working on a much-desired feature: a \u201cdislike\u201d button.<\/p>\n

According to Zuckerberg, this feature has long been one of those most-requested by the Facebook audience.<\/p>\n

Although his comments<\/a>\u00a0suggest that the new button more likely will express sympathy or empathy, rather than simple dislike, Facebook users have nevertheless greeted the announcement with enthusiasm.<\/p>\n

\"Dislike<\/a><\/p>\n

But why is Facebook introducing the button now, after so many years of audience lobbying and corporate resistance<\/a>? One explanation could be the changing profile of the site\u2019s users. Facebook is increasingly a technology used by mature adults, not vulnerable teens.<\/p>\n

A dislike button as too negative<\/h3>\n

While Facebook users have expressed a desire for a \u201cdislike\u201d button for many years, the company resisted its development because it did not want to, in Zuckerberg\u2019s words, \u201cturn Facebook into a forum where people are voting up or down on people\u2019s posts.\u201d As he explains:<\/p>\n

You don\u2019t want to go through the process of sharing some moment that\u2019s important to you\u2026and then have someone down-vote it. That isn\u2019t what we\u2019re here to build in the world.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

In other words, Facebook tried to keep its community positive; it did not want to invite the type of engagement that sites like Reddit thrive on \u2013 up voting, down voting posts off the page, trolling and pointed criticism.<\/p>\n

By limiting users\u2019 ability to express negative emotions with a single click, Facebook tried to create a space that was emotionally safe, an important consideration when many users were teenagers, whose parents were concerned with issues like cyberbullying.<\/p>\n

This continues to be a concern of users who aren\u2019t clear on the nuances of the emotion the new button will express.<\/p>\n

\"Dislike<\/a><\/p>\n

Furthermore, by avoiding the \u201cdislike\u201d option, Facebook created an environment that is appealing to advertisers<\/a>, who would not want to see their brands down voted.<\/p>\n

And the \u201clike\u201d button plays an important role in the economics of Facebook. Users\u2019 decision to \u201clike\u201d brands, products, artists and other items serves as a valuable piece of information that Facebook is able to sell to advertisers<\/a>, and it\u2019s unclear how the information generated by a \u201cdislike\u201d button will be used.<\/p>\n

The aging Facebook user<\/h2>\n

However, as Facebook\u2019s users, and their activities, have changed, the calculation behind the \u201cdislike\u201d button has evolved.<\/p>\n

When Facebook got its start in 2004<\/a> as a network for Harvard students, virtually all its users were in the 18- to 22-year-old range. After it expanded to high school students in 2005, the social media site\u2019s demographics skewed even younger.<\/p>\n

However, once Facebook opened up to everyone with an internet connection in 2006, older users began to move onto the platform. Today, large majorities of older online adults are on Facebook, and there is evidence that you<\/a>nger users are jumping ship<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"Social<\/a>

Social media by age group. Pew Research Center Internet Project<\/p><\/div>\n

Data from from the Pew Research Center<\/a> illustrate this. Across all internet users, Facebook is, by a wide margin, the most popular social networking platform; it attracts over one billion hits a day<\/a>. However, older users favor Facebook by a wider margin than younger users: 61.9% of Facebook users are now over the age of 25<\/a>.<\/p>\n

In addition, recent research from investment bank Piper Jaffray<\/a> and from Daniel Miller<\/a>, a researcher at University College London, has shown that young teenagers are abandoning Facebook<\/a> in large numbers. As parents and grandparents have moved onto Facebook, teens and young people have begun to move off, transferring their social media activities to Instagram and Snapchat<\/a>.<\/p>\n

As a result of this migration, Facebook news feeds have changed; instead of pictures of parties, there are pictures of babies. Instead of sharing high school gossip, users are sharing the latest on the Trump presidential bid.<\/p>\n

\"Old<\/a>

Gramps needs his dislike button to deal with current events. Man image via www.shutterstock.com<\/p><\/div>\n

Facebook reads the news<\/h3>\n

As demographic shifts among Facebook users have taken root, the company has begun to focus on areas that are of greater interest to more mature users \u2013 in particular: news.<\/p>\n

Facebook has established itself as a key portal through which people access news. According to Pew, 30% of US adults got news from Facebook<\/a>, far exceeding the 8% who got news from Twitter and the 3% who gt news from LinkedIn in 2014. (It\u2019s still lower than the 87% of Americans who got their news from TV, and the 65% who got it from radio<\/a>.)<\/p>\n

We know from years of research by organizations like the American Press Institute<\/a> that, across all news categories, older audiences are more interested in the news than younger ones. Facebook\u2019s prominence as a news portal can be understood as a consequence of the growing number of older users.<\/p>\n

Facebook users share what interests them. For older adults, that is often the news of the day, and Facebook has begun to embrace its role in the news business. The recently launched Instant Article<\/a> function is an example of the company\u2019s new focus on itself as a news source and portal.<\/p>\n

\"Not<\/a>

Not a fan? Sean MacEntee, CC BY<\/p><\/div>\n

So, why the \u2018dislike\u2019 button?<\/h3>\n

Facebook is not what it was a decade ago. Instead of vulnerable teens, its user base largely comprises adults. And with the increased tendency of these users to share news, the ability to express something other than \u201cliking\u201d has become more pronounced. As Zuckerberg notes:<\/p>\n

Not every moment is a good moment, right? And if you are sharing something that is sad\u2026like the refugee crisis that touches you\u2026it might not feel comfortable to Like that post.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The development of a \u201cdislike\u201d button \u2013 in whatever empathetic format Facebook eventually releases \u2013 can thus be seen as an acknowledgment that the site has changed. It\u2019s become, in part, a forum in which grown adults discuss adult issues. A new form of expression is necessary to support this changed reality.<\/p>\n

By Felicity Duncan,\u00a0Assistant Professor of Digital Communication and Social Media, Cabrini College<\/em><\/p>\n